3-speed sailboat winches

Three-speed winches are fittings resembling capstans. Their internal gearing provides sailboat crews increased mechanical advantage when taking up lines. They feature three rotational speeds, the slowest requiring the least effort and offering the greatest power ratio. The fastest speed requires more effort.

Small winches can have only one or two speeds. Three-speed devices are used on larger boats with significant sail area and sufficient room on deck for their installation.

Most winches are aluminum. On self-tailing models, a toothed circular groove at the top of the drum maintains tension on the free end of the line. This eliminates the need for a second crew member when in use. Electric versions are operated by the simple touch of a button.

The speed or gear ratio changes when the handle is turned in a different direction. When the line is relatively slack, turning the handle takes up line quickly. As the line tightens, the handle is turned in the opposite direction. Direction is changed a third time for final trimming. The line is under significant tension and the increased gear ratio provides the force required to tighten the line.

Choice will depend on specific winch function, whether for headsail or mainsail sheet, halyard, running backstay or another line. The size of the vessel will also play a role.